• Multiple mechanisms have been suggested by which

  2022-07-19

  

  Multiple mechanisms have been suggested by which glucagon can increase energy expenditure although none have been conclusively proven to be responsible. Both enhanced gluconeogenesis and enhanced protein turnover secondary to hyperglucagonaemia have been suggested as the reason for the increased met

• While the apparent complexity of

  2022-07-19

  

  While the apparent complexity of gap junction regulation presents challenges, new technologies continue to propel the field forward. Advances in microscopy are increasingly able to capture rapid dynamics at the plasma membrane (e.g., biosensors [67] and lattice light sheet microscopy [100]) and to d

• While IN inhibitors are a relatively new addition to the

  2022-07-18

  

  While IN inhibitors are a relatively new addition to the clinician's palette of drugs to formulate HAART regimes, resistance to both INSTIs and LEDGINs has been observed. For example, even within Australia where it is estimated that 25,313 people are currently living with HIV and the infection rate

• Glycine released from astrocytes as well as neurons

  2022-07-18

  

  Glycine released from astrocytes as well as neurons is also known as a co-agonist of NMDAR (Roux and Supplisson, 2000). Neuronal glycine in mouse hippocampus might be released from glutamatergic terminals (Muller et al., 2013) that express functional Nutlin3 receptors (Rodriguez et al., 1997). Glyc

• br Conclusion br Acknowledgements This study was supported

  2022-07-18

  

  Conclusion Acknowledgements This study was supported by the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (No.2015M581817), the National Research Council of Science and Technology Support Program (2015BAD03B05-06), and the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions

• ritodrine br Materials and methods br Results br Discussion

  2022-07-16

  

  Materials and methods Results Discussion GPR35 expression has been identified within discrete regions of the nervous system, including the spinal cord [[43], [44], [45], [46], [47], [48]]. Importantly, GPR35 is expressed not only in neurons but also in spinal glial cells [43]. Unfortunately

• Patient characteristics are presented in Serum oestradiol

  2022-07-16

  

  Patient characteristics are presented in . Serum oestradiol levels on the day of oocyte retrieval or warming were higher in group A (253.2 pg/ml) compared with group B (192.6 pg/ml), despite a significantly reduced number of days (mean 3.5 days) taking oestrogens without the addition of progesterone

• Compared to methadone or morphine buprenorphine is

  2022-07-16

  

  Compared to methadone or morphine, buprenorphine is a partial mu-opioid agonist, which shows high affinity for, and slow dissociation from, mu-opioid receptors. This maintenance of homeostasis may help to counter the development of an overt withdrawal syndrome, and may explain the lower risk of deve

• Oxidative stress results from the disequilibrium between

  2022-07-16

  

  Oxidative stress results from the disequilibrium between levels of prooxidant molecules produced and the ability of a biological system to detoxify and neutralize the reactive molecules [14]. OS is a chronic, self-perpetuating state of damage to cells and increased inflammation resulting from the co

• Post translational ubiquitination has been shown

  2022-07-16

  

  Post-translational ubiquitination has been shown to regulate a wide range of cellular responses, such as the synaptic trafficking and turnover of neurotransmitter receptors (Rape, 2018). Ubiquitination is also engaged in the modification of protein-protein interaction and intracellular signaling tr

• There are human genes in the

  2022-07-16

  

  There are 12 human genes in the SLC5A family, and 6 of these are expressed in human heart (Table 2). Little is known about SGLT proteins in the heart. Zhou et al. [56] reported the presence of SGLT1 mRNA in the human heart. Researchers have found that levels of SGLT1 mRNA in heart are approximately

• Administration of a fructose rich diet to

  2022-07-16

  

  Administration of a fructose-rich diet to normal rats induces insulin resistance and impaired glucose tolerance or diabetes, depending on treatment duration [23]. We have shown that development of these abnormalities as well as fat deposit in liver, are effectively prevented by co-administration of

• br Conflict of interest statement br Acknowledgments br

  2022-07-16

  

  Conflict of interest statement Acknowledgments Introduction Hedgehog (Hh) signaling controls key steps of development in most tissues and organs of invertebrates and vertebrates (Briscoe and Therond, 2013, Ingham et al., 2011, Wilson and Chuang, 2010). The unique cellular composition and mo

• br Conflict of interest br Acknowledgments The research was

  2022-07-16

  

  Conflict of interest Acknowledgments The research was funded by the Major Programs of Pharmaceutical research project of Jiangsu Province (Q2018044). Introduction Lipids are important regulators of cell death. In mammalian cells, both apoptotic and non-apoptotic cell death pathways can be

• The anti platelet functions of ZGR were confirmed

  2022-07-15

  

  The anti-platelet functions of ZGR were confirmed by the mechanistic studies such as the activation of PKC, intracellular Ca2+ mobilization, and the expressions of P-selectin and PAC-1. Further, rivaroxaban prolonged the generation of thrombin and reduced the thrombin burst produced in the propagati

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