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br CXCR The CXC receptor and
2019-09-06
CXCR1/2 The CXC receptor 1 and 2 (CXCR1 and CXCR2) have been well characterised in vertebrates. In mammals and birds, the two receptors are shared by the ELR+ CXC ligands, namely the CXCL8 family members that have proinflammatory roles in recruitment of neutrophils, monocytes and macrophages to s
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StemRegenin 1 br Methods br Results br Discussion The lowest
2019-09-06
Methods Results Discussion The lowest intra-CeA dose of R278995/CRA0450 that prevented the elevations in StemRegenin 1 reward thresholds associated with nicotine withdrawal was 0.05μg/side (0.1μg total bilateral dose). The total bilateral dose in the present study is 100 times lower than t
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The role of ETB clearing receptors
2019-09-05
The role of ETB clearing receptors has been studied in detail in endothelial cell–specific ETB knock-out mice. In these animals, clearance of an intravenous 5-Methyl-CTP pathway of labeled ET-1 was reduced significantly compared with wild-type controls. Importantly, functioning ETB were retained on
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br Conflict of interest br Acknowledgments and funding
2019-09-05
Conflict of interest Acknowledgments and funding We thank Jaakko Matomäki, MSc, for the statistical analysis of the data. The study was supported by the Medical Research Council of the Academy of Finland, Decisions no. 250124 and 250114 (Centre of Excellence in Molecular Systems Immunology and
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Several main strategies for targeting E s described
2019-09-05
Several main strategies for targeting E3s described in the literature include: in vitro screening using functional assays [86]; computer programs for predicting potential druggable pockets, including those at protein-protein interfaces, and subsequent docking-based in silico ligand screening [87]; f
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The inhibition of DNMT using AZA
2019-09-05
The inhibition of DNMT1 using 5-AZA-dC or DNMT1 siRNA increased TIMP2 protein and mRNA expression, suggesting that TIMP2 expression is down-regulated by DNA methylation in the HDFs. In addition, 5-AZA-dC treatment led to a dose-dependent decrease of DNMT1 protein expression. 5-AZA-dC is a cytosine a
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This project was funded by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinscha
2019-09-05
This project was funded by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft within FOR 2251 (project grants EB 285/2-1 and WI 3272/3-1) and in part by additional contributions from the Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung (D.I.S award Nos. BIOSCAT [05K12YE1]) and the Horizon 2020 programme of the European
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br Conclusions Present work comprehensively characterizes
2019-09-05
Conclusions Present work comprehensively characterizes the inhibitory activity of Yersinia enterocolitica against cysteine proteases. All tested strains, regardless of their bioserotype, genotype and the presence of virulence markers, synthesized the high-molecular-weight inhibitors of papain and
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Stable isotope studies applied to skeletal remains of early
2019-09-05
Stable isotope studies, applied to skeletal remains of early Pacific populations, have shown a trend toward a horticultural diet with temporal variation in response to local environmental conditions (Field et al., 2009; Kinaston and Buckley, 2013; Valentin et al., 2010, Valentin et al., 2014; Kinast
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We found that the postnatal absence of norepinephrine yields
2019-09-05
We found that the postnatal absence of norepinephrine yields differing effects depending on noradrenergic receptor type and NMS-873 region. The density of α1-AR, indicated by [3H]prazosin binding was similar between Dbh+/− and Dbh−/− mice except for a significant increase in hippocampus in Dbh−/− mi
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Proof of concept studies with disulfiram suggest
2019-09-05
Proof-of-concept studies with disulfiram suggest the potential utility of DβH inhibitors for treatment of cocaine use disorder. In a study of 74 subjects stabilized on methadone and randomized into disulfiram and placebo groups for 10weeks, disulfiram treatment reduced cocaine-positive urines, and d
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Impaired dopaminergic systems associated with MA have
2019-09-05
Impaired dopaminergic systems associated with MA have been well-documented (Walsh and Wagner, 1992, Kim et al., 1999, Nakajima et al., 2004, Shin et al., 2012, Shin et al., 2017b, Dang et al., 2016, Dang et al., 2017b). Previous reports have suggested that early MA use may be linked to higher risk f
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MNs can be obtained from iPSCs using signaling molecules
2019-09-05
MNs can be obtained from iPSCs, using signaling molecules such as retinoic GS-9973 clinical (RA) and Sonic hedgehog (Shh) (Table S1).4, 5, 12, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29 These methods rely on developmental principles and require changing the combinations of signaling molecules at multiple steps, wh
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ampa receptors An important focus of the present study has
2019-09-05
An important focus of the present study has been the interaction of HUVECs with extracellular matrix in the regulation of angiogenesis. Matrigel is a gelatinous protein extract secreted by Engelbreth–Holm–Swarm mouse sarcoma cells, and is considered to be a good model of the extracellular matrix (Kl
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br Results br Discussion In this paper we
2019-09-05
Results Discussion In this paper we present insights into the observed specificities of inhibitors targeting the ubiquitin-activating and related E1 L002 via crystal structures of the specific NEDD8-E1 inhibitor MLN4924, the dual NEDD8/Ub E1 inhibitor ABPA3, and the selective Ub-E1 inhibitor
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