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Entry into CNS is tightly regulated by highly dynamic barrie
2022-02-28
Entry into CNS is tightly regulated by highly dynamic barriers, namely, the BBB, the blood-CSF barrier, and the arachnoid epithelium (Abbott et al., 2010; Yasuda et al., 2013). Similar barriers also exist within the CNS including the ependymal barrier as well as the cellular membrane barriers of the
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Introduction The West syndrome or epilepsy
2022-02-28
Introduction The West syndrome or epilepsy with epileptic spasms (ES) is an epileptic encephalopathy in early infancy with probable seizure-related developmental regression. According to the United Kingdom Infantile Spams Study (UKISS), common causes of infantile spasms include hypoxic-ischemic enc
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Solid tumors usually present insufficient supply of oxygen a
2022-02-28
Solid tumors usually present insufficient supply of oxygen, activating the hypoxia inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) pathway, which prompts an adaptive response on genes that regulate glycolytic metabolism, promoting glucose uptake through the transcription of GLUTs [54]. Increasing evidence indicates that
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GLI proteins activate or repress transcription
2022-02-28
GLI proteins activate or repress transcription of their target genes by binding to a similar sequence motif within a cis-regulatory module (CRM) (Hallikas and Taipale, 2006, Peterson et al., 2012). Transcriptional responses to the HH pathway can be elicited either by de-repression of GLI-R or in oth
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Although NCT undergoes complex glycosylation processing for
2022-02-28
Although NCT undergoes complex glycosylation processing for maturation through trafficking from endoplasmic reticulum to Golgi or additional compartments, the effect of NCT glycosylation on γ-secretase activity and substrate specificity is still unknown. The present study focused on glycosylation st
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Similarly spectrophotometric titrations were carried out
2022-02-28
Similarly, spectrophotometric titrations were carried out under conditions identical to those used for the fluorescence titrations. exhibited a predominant m-3M3FBS band at around 493 nm. The titrations with all G-quadruplex DNAs resulted in a hypochromic effect along with a bathochromic shift of th
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In our study the changes in the and subunit
2022-02-28
In our study, the changes in the α4 and δ subunit expression were accompanied by a significant increase in γ2 subunit expression in almost all analysed hippocampal structures in the fully kindled animals. In contrast, an acute injection of PTZ at a convulsive dose (55mg/kg) evoked a potent decrease
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br Experimental Procedures Information on the materials used
2022-02-28
Experimental Procedures Information on the materials used in this study and the details of how the in vivo and in vitro assays were performed are provided in Supplemental Information. Acknowledgments This research was supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) grant funded b
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Dihydro-β-erythroidine hydrobromide Prion diseases are trans
2022-02-28
Prion diseases are transmissible and result in fatal neurodegenerative disorders, which, similar to AD, also involve the infiltration and activation of mononuclear phagocytes in Dihydro-β-erythroidine hydrobromide lesions (reviewed in [61]). A 21 amino-acid fragment of the aberrant human prion prot
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As recently reviewed a picture
2022-02-28
As recently reviewed, a picture is emerging where metabolites through GPCR sensors act as important autocrine and paracrine regulators of basic metabolic mechanisms (Husted et al., 2017). The concept of 20-HETE acting through FFAR1 as an autocrine amplifier of GDIS on β TWS119 together with, for ex
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The iAs mainly metabolized in
2022-02-28
The iAs mainly metabolized in the liver to generate MMA and DMA. DMA, MMA and iAs were excreted through the urine (Khaleghian et al., 2014; Wei et al., 2017a). Pearson correlation coefficient was used to explore associations between concentrations of three arsenic species in urine and gene expressio
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We also wonder what function
2022-02-28
We also wonder what function(s) both FPPS1 and FPPS2 genes had in leaf. As some research indicated that the alpha-farnesene was also detected in ripe leaf of crabapple (Malus sp.) (Wu et al., 2012), one or both of them may be related to the synthesis of alpha-farnesene in leaf. To our knowledge, the
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Recent studies have shown that epigenetic modification is in
2022-02-28
Recent studies have shown that epigenetic modification is involved in neuropathic pain. For instance, peripheral noxious stimulation changes DNA methylation and histone modifications, which are related to pain hypersensitivity under chronic pain conditions [8]. Importantly, the epigenetic abnormalit
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The first suggestion that the Hh pathway
2022-02-28
The first suggestion that the Hh pathway might be involved in the pathogenesis of chronic liver disease was reported at the beginning of this millennium by Shackel et al. who noted that Patch and Gli were upregulated in their microarray analysis of liver tissues from patients with primary biliary ch
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Due to the importance of gene regulation
2022-02-28
Due to the importance of gene regulation in cancers, HDAC inhibitors have been studied extensively in cancer biology and are in current clinical use as anti-tumor therapies [17]. The HDAC inhibitors vorinostat, romidepsin, and belinostat have been approved for certain T-cell lymphomas, and panobinos
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