• Though we have proved that VA could

  2023-11-21

  

  Though, we have proved that VA could suppress hepatic gluconeogenesis, the mechanisms of VA on gluconeogenesis in vivo and in vitro remain unclear. AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), which is called an energy receptor enzyme, is widely expressed in liver and other tissues [23]. AMPK has become ano

• Adenosine receptors activate a number of

  2023-11-21

  

  Adenosine receptors activate a number of signalling pathways involved in tissue survival including several mitogen-activated protein kinases (Fredholm et al., 2001). The common feature of all adenosine receptors is the positive coupling to ERK1/2, whilst A2B and A3 receptors can also activate the st

• Although the mechanisms of APP secretion are well

  2023-11-21

  

  Although the mechanisms of APP secretion are well characterised (for review see Ref. [1]), production of soluble AChE species is less well understood although we have reported that a metalloproteinase can shed AChE similarly to APP [16], [17]. Recently it has also been demonstrated that cellular pre

• It has been recognized for decades that

  2023-11-21

  

  It has been recognized for decades that neurons in the mammalian central nervous system may release both a fast-acting, typically amino acid derived neurotransmitter such as glutamate or GABA, and a second peptidergic neuromodulatory molecule such as neuropeptide Y, substance P, or cholecystokinin.

• br Funding br Introduction The

  2023-11-21

  

  Funding Introduction The interest in the effects of endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) in the aquatic environment continues to increase over the past decade, specifically those that act on steroidogenic pathways. EDCs that include synthetic androgenic and estrogenic compounds can severely a

• The relatively high concentration of HT used in this

  2023-11-21

  

  The relatively high concentration of 5-HT used in this study (100 µM) is consistent with the concentrations used in other published ex vivo studies (Ropert and Guy, 1991, Passani et al., 1994, Shen and Andrade, 1998). In our paradigm 5-HT was focally applied at the surface of the slice via a fast pe

• br Acknowledgements br Introduction Thus damage to the nervo

  2023-11-21

  

  Acknowledgements Introduction Thus, damage to the Prostaglandin E2 may produce severe consequences (National Research Council, 1992). Indeed, though the nervous system has several compensatory and adaptive mechanisms, it is vulnerable to toxic insult, due to its inability to regenerate after l

• IGF signaling has been shown to

  2023-11-21

  

  IGF-1 signaling has been shown to induce gpr55 agonist changes via interacting with MKK-p38 signaling (Serra et al., 2007) and by perturbing Foxo3a signaling (Stitt et al., 2004), among other mechanisms. The current study demonstrates that the acetyl group itself may be limiting, since IGF-1/ACL/ac

• 71 5 We also show that in both ATM proficient and

  2023-11-21

  

  We also show that in both ATM proficient and deficient/mutant 71 5 the activation of ATR signaling is DSB complexity-dependent (Figs. 1, 4A, C and E, 6A and B). Wang et al. have also reported that the effects of ATR and CHK1 on radiosensitivity are independent of the NHEJ repair pathway [41], [42].

• HMGA proteins have also been linked

  2023-11-21

  

  HMGA proteins have also been linked to localized changes in chromatin/nucleosome structure and alterations of cellular phenotype during induction of gene transcription in activated T lymphocytes. An adaptive immune response is initiated when naïve resting T lymphocytes encounter their corresponding

• In conclusion there are only

  2023-11-21

  

  In conclusion, there are only a few experimental reports evaluating the influence of brucine mg on allergy. With the exception of studies using macrolides, most point to their harmful effect on the severity of this disease. Future studies will be crucial to define the impact of antibiotic use on al

• Dovitinib Lactate receptor Thalidomide is now a well known

  2023-11-21

  

  Thalidomide is now a well known antiangiogenic agent. This property of thalidomide is being extensively researched upon, for its significant utility in the treatment of various malignant tumors. Studies show that thalidomide efficaciously inhibits various pro-angiogenic factors such as tumor necrosi

• br Angiogenesis as a critical event

  2023-11-21

  

  Angiogenesis as a critical event in diabetic retinopathy Angiogenesis refers to the abnormal proliferation of blood vessels during various pathological conditions. It acquires the stature of being one of the most detrimental events responsible for the progression of diabetic retinopathy. Angiogen

• AHR is essential for IL

  2023-11-20

  

  AHR is essential for IL-22 production by T Celecoxib and ILC3s [83]. Coexpression of AHR and RORγt by retroviral transduction in a thymoma cell line, EL4, synergistically upregulates IL-22 expression [48]. The cooperativity between AHR and RORγt has also been observed in primary T cells (L.Z., unpu

• Aberrant or a sustained activation

  2023-11-20

  

  Aberrant or a sustained activation of AhR signaling pathway, triggered by exogenous toxic ligands such as dioxins, PAHs or polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), is a well-described biological process engaged during tumor initiation and/or promotion in various tissues (e.g. liver, lung, skin)(reviewed in

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